After my hard drive crashed the only option left for me to use my computer before buying a new hard drive was to boot from a liveCD. That way I could at least do some basic stuff like surfing the Internet or read and write some papers. But the problem was I haven't got any Linux CDs with me. I had downloaded dozen of Linux distros to try them on virtual machine, but didn't burn any of them to CD. Then I thought about installing Linux on my USB sticks. I downloaded Damn Small Linux and Mint at school, and couple of programs to install them, but then I found out that all these programs needed an administrator account which I didn't have, since I was using a public computer. When I got home I came up with the idea of booting up from my Windows setup disk and use the DOS prompt for installing the Linux images to my USB.

Here is how I have done it:

On initial setup Windows loads its files onto RAM and only after your  configurations for drive partitions it starts copying these files. So in essence I had a minimal Windows setup with basic tools that I could use to create my live USB.
As soon as you get the graphical screen shown on left you can fire up MS-DOS and do what you like. (Once you get this screen you can even insert another CD - one with your Linux images maybe - , you don't need Windows setup disk on your CD drive from here on) This can be accomplished my pressing SHIFT+F10 or if you forget this combination you can use the repair menu to get the command prompt. You can get there by first clicking "Repair your computer" then on second step click the first radio button that says "use recovery tools ..." and continue by clicking next.








When you get to the command prompt, it is quite easy to proceed. First I had to find out the drive labels of my USB sticks, and found out that one of my sticks was assigned to c, dvd-drive was on d, and the other stick was assigned to label e.
I formatted the stick (c:) I was planning to install Linux by typing:
format c:
then navigated to the other one to open the program for the installation.
you can change the drive by typing its label i.e. e:
you can list the contents of the drive by typing dir
and you can open any program by typing its name, once you typed the first few letters you can make cmd to auto complete the name for you by pressing tab key.
The program I choose for installation was Unetbootin.
Its usage is very straightforward. You just locate the ISO image, choose the drive label and if you want to preserve your settings between reboots, you can  create a file on USB for persistence. Then just click OK and wait for it to write the image on your stick.
Then all you have to do is to enable booting up from USB on your BIOS settings.
All these process may seem complicated, but it's actually quite easy to accomplish.

I know Windows very well, and I was prepared for every disaster that could come from software failures. I was using a Vista for more than four years without any format, and only couple of BSODs (blue screen of death). But I wasn't prepared for hardware failures. I thought there would be warning signs before, that my hard drive would crash at least couple of times before it becomes unrecognizable. That is why I haven't backed up most of my files, and my documents, notes, photos, music all but gone except for few that I did back up.

I learned my lesson, and from now on I will frequently use online storage services to back up my files. 

From Overdrive:Bill Gates and the Race to Control Cyberspace (March 1993, Bill Gates' speech at the Sheraton Hotel in Maitland, Orlando):

"He talked about a coming mass market for information and about how communications technology would liberate computers from the desktop. Digital information, Gates said, would be available anywhere, anytime, beamed to devices that hardly resembled computers anymore. People would soon be able to talk to their televisions, ending the era of passive entertainment. He predicted that a pocket-sized computer would make the leather wallet obsolete. Microsoft, Gates told the packed banquet hall at the Sheraton, was working on software that would allow the holder of such a device to carry digitized credit cards, receive and transmit messages, and record appointments. It would be able to hold thousands of computerized photos and display maps that showed the owner's exact location. These pocket-size computers would be on the market within two years, Gates predicted, and cost about $500 each."

If you are having troubles reading the messages in Skype you can easily change the text size to suit your needs.

Here is how you can do it:

1-Once you signed it, go to tools / options

2-From there, click on IM&SMS, and then IM appearance

3-You will see the option for changing the font.

4-When you click it, you will see a regular font selection option, where you can choose font, font style and its size.

Most of the online videos are served in flv container. While the container itself is OK it doesn’t have the same capabilities as an MP4 format. For example you cannot properly tag your music videos. In WinAmp when you click Alt+3 (view file info) nothing comes up. You can edit metadata, but they can only be saved for temporarily.
What you can do is to convert these videos to mp4 format without re-encoding, you will not lose quality in the process, as video itself stays the same.
Easiest solution for this job is to use Avidemux, an open source application.
After you download the zip file and extract its contents, open up Avidemux, drag and drop your flv file on it and choose mp4 as format, you don’t need to change any other settings, leave video and audio settings to their default, as copy.

Then save the video.
When you open you new file in WinAmp, you can easily add or change its tag info.

related posts:
how to wrap aac files into m4a or mp4 container
how to tag music files easily by using online databases

A few days ago I updated both Chrome and Adobe Flash installations, but then I started having problems with online flash videos. Video was showing all right but there was no audio. It wasn’t happening every time but it was quite often.

I tried reinstalling Adobe Flash but that didn’t work (although I haven’t restarted the system as it was suggested). I tried the video on Opera and it played fine. Then I went to Chrome’s settings and disabled all but one flash plug-in and problem solved.

Here is how to disable them:

Wrench –> settings –> go to lower end and click “show advanced settings”

Then under privacy click content settings

Under plug-ins click Disable individual plug-ins

Expand the view by clicking details on top right corner.

You will see two or three flash plug-ins. Disable the integrated Flash plug-in

PepperFlash\pepflashplayer.dll

You can also access the plug-ins settings by typing in address bar: chrome://plugins/

Every once in a while you may encounter this error of not having the system icons on notification area. It usually happens after waking Windows from sleep mode or if you have restarted your computer just after a fresh start up.

This is not a permanent problem as the icons came back after a restart but if you do not want to wait for that you can easily solve it by yourself.

Here is how to do it:

1-Open regedit (Win+R / Regedit)

2-Navigate to following subkey:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\Local Settings\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\TrayNotify

3-Delete both IconStreams and PastIconStream keys.

4-Close regedit

5-Open Task Manager (Ctrl+Shift+Esc or Ctrl+Alt+Del)

6-On processes tab find explorer.exe and kill it (or if you are using an alternative task manager like System Explorer you can restart it)

7-Go to file / New Process / type in explorer.exe and OK

Your icons will reappear.

If all you are seeing is gibberish characters as subtitles in VLC, you are probably using the wrong encoding. For example this is what I get when I load a Bulgarian subtitle:

Here is how to solve this problem:

Tools / preferences / subtitles & OCD / default encoding

from there change the encoding to match the subtitle language, in my case I have to change it to Cyrillic, since Bulgarian alphabet consists of Cyrillic characters.

 

For Western European languages UTF-8 encoding is fine

You will need to reload the subtitles for changes to take effect.

Installing a new RAM module requires you to know your motherboard’s capabilities. You can easily look for your current configuration and go from there but that way you won’t know the maximum bandwidth you can get.

That is where online tools come to our help.

1 – Crucial Memory Advisor™ tool.

This tools tells you all the specs you will need for an upgrade along with some configuration recommendations.

My installed RAM modules were DDR2 PC2-5300 types, but from this tool I learned that I can install PC2-6400 types as well.

2 – Newegg Memory Finder.

Newegg has an index of compatible RAM modules for most f the Laptop models on the market, you just have to  choose your model from the list.

It doesn’t give as much information as Crucial’s tool but you can easily just look at the compatible modules it lists. Also prices on Newegg are cheaper than Crucial’s.

Creating a database:
mysql>CREATE DATABASE phonebook;
create database [databasename];

We created a database and named it as phonebook.

MySql is not case sensitive, so you don’t have to write commands in capital letters.

Make sure you include a semicolon (;) after every command.

mysql>show databases;

This command lists the available databases on the servers.

mysql>use phonebook;

In order to start creating tables we have to select a databases form the above list.

If we haven’t used the show and use commands and instead tried continuing creating tables for our databases MySql would give us an error.

Creating a table inside our database:
mysql>create table friends (id int not null primary key auto_increment, fName varchar(15), lName varchar(15), phone varchar(20));

We created a table with the name “friends”

We created 3 “columns” in our table (id, fname, lname), assigned attributes to these columns (id column is integer, null values are not accepted, its values are auto incrementing and we assigned the primary key to that column), we assigned only one attribute (varchar) for fname and lname columns; varchar is used for text values and by 15 we mean the maximum length of the text would be 15 characters.

Inserting values to the table:
mysql>insert into friends (id, fname, lname, phone) values (null, “Albert”, “Kane”, “123-456789”), (null, “Brian”, “Foster”, “321-98765”);
Querying a Database:
mysql>select * from friends;

Asterix ( * ) means everything

Deleting a Database:
mysql>drop database phonebook;
Deleting a Table:
mysql>drop table friends;


Bonus:
How to view data dictionary

mysql>SELECT table_name, table_type, engine FROM information_schema.tables;

One of the most annoying features of Facebook compared to Google+ is its privacy settings.

Almost all applications on Facebook require your full permission to post on your behalf. Although you can revoke this permission after you add the application to your profile, finding the right settings is rather hard.
You need to open your account settings, click on apps and from there choose the app you want to revoke your permissions.

In the above example I opened Bubble Witch Saga. As you can see there is a remove option on the right side of post on your behalf. However if you do this some applications will require your permission again. In that case you can just change the setting of who can see the posts of that app and select only me option.

Blu is an interesting Twitter client concept. Its biggest distinction from other clients is that Blu is built using WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) and it provides smooth and pleasant experience. It is not especially good for power users (it doesn’t have groups/lists feature so it is hard to keep up with new tweets if you follow more than 100 persons) but for casual users it is more than enough.

Some features:

• Unlimited tweets- there is no limit for new tweets, so more tweets will be loaded as you keep scrolling.
• Character counter – When you start writing a new tweet, you will see the character counter as watermarked background.

Blu requires Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5

download blu

Suppose you started to download a big file like an ISO image or a movie. What if after a considerable amount is downloaded your connection got lost or your browser got crashed, if you try to download the file again it will start from scratch. It is not a big problem with small files or if you downloaded only a small amount of the file in the first place but if you downloaded something like over 90% you certainly do not want to start from scratch all over again.
Luckily there is a solution for that problem:
1- Download wget from here. It's the default download manager in Linux, but you can also use it on Windows.
2- Create a backup of your partial download, if you want.
3- Place wget and your file in same folder. (you can also specify the download folder in command line if you want like: wget c:\folder\partialfile.iso)
4- Open command prompt and navigate to the your folder.
5- Type:

wget –c http://www.example.com/partialfile.iso

-c operation is for checking if there is a partial download in the folder and how much is downloaded. For fresh downloads you don't need to add it.
Internet Explorer will add an extra extension to your partial download. You need to delete that part from the file name.

partialfile.iso.snhkgvz.partial

Google Chrome adds .crdownload to file name

partialfile.iso.crdownload

advanced options:
-O: if you want to save a file with a different name, you can add -O
      wget -O ubuntu.iso -c http://www.example.com/partialfile.iso

--limit-rate: for setting a speed limit to your download
    wget --limit-rate=400k -c http://www.example.com/partialfile.iso

-i: download multiple files. You can add all your download urls as separate files in a text file and use this file in one go instead of initiating a new command for every file.
    wget -i textfile.txt

-r-A: Download every specific files from a website. For example if you want to download all the pdfs:
    wget -r -A.pdf http://www.example.com

ftp-url: If the file you want to download is on an ftp server (you may not need to specify this, but just in case if you are experiencing problems) you should type:
    wget ftp-url ftp://example.com

On Yahoo Answers I saw an interesting question today. Someone needed to increase the size of an image without changing its dimensions. Usually we need the opposite of that but he needed it to increase it because of a some requirement of a website.
So here is how to increase the file size of any image file (in fact any type of file):

As you can see from the screenshot above we have a 28 KB image. By going to its properties (right click on it) we can add some text in comments box without any effect on the picture quality.
After this operation our image size increased to 32 KB from 28 KB. We haven’t changed anything else.
Increase rate is proportional to text length, if you want to have a bigger increase insert longer text.

A few days ago Google changed the appearance of Google Reader in line with its other services, they also removed some of the social elements while at the same time integrating it more tightly with Google+. I was hoping that they would add some features as well but sadly they didn't. And of all the Google services including search and Gmail, Reader is the one I spend most of my time.

So here are my wish list from Google developers for Google Reader:

Advanced Analytics: There are over 300 subscriptions in my account and naturally I don’t have time to read most of them. It would be nice to know to which feed providers I pay most and least attention. So that I will be able to clean some of them. Google has all this information.

Intelligent Favorites Folder: Based on analytics data and interactions with posts (starring, sharing etc.) I want to see my favorite providers first in random order. If you select all items and then sort feeds by magic, it randomizes your feeds by some algorithm but it is far from what I want. Just look at the picture below. Of over 300 feed providers GReader shows me only feeds from Engadget when I sort by magic. And as you can see Engadget posts frequency is extremely high.

Theme Support: Gmail has themes, so why not Google Reader. I can always use extensions and user scripts but I don’t want to use third party tools for a very basic feature like this.

Similar People: Based on subscribed feeds Google may recommend people to follow on Google+.

Advanced Sorting Options: Right now you can only sort feeds by source, tags, time and whether they are read or not. You can not view your starred posts from specific feeds, you can not view posts from certain dates.

What are your wishes?